Winter Driving: A Practical Checklist

Cold weather doubles the average driver's crash risk. Preparing your car — and your mindset — cuts most of that risk back out.

Before You Drive

• Tires: Below 45°F, all-season tires stiffen and lose grip. Dedicated winter tires cut stopping distance by up to 30% on snow.
• Battery: Cold reduces capacity by 20–50%. If your battery is over 3 years old, have it tested.
• Wipers and washer fluid: Rated to −20°F. Regular washer fluid freezes on your windshield.
• Fuel: Keep the tank at least half full to prevent fuel-line freeze and add weight over the drive wheels.

While Driving

• Accelerate and brake gently. Sudden inputs are what break traction.
• Increase following distance to 8–10 seconds on snow or ice.
• If you skid: steer where you want to go. Do not slam the brakes.
• On black ice, ease off the gas — do not steer or brake hard.

Trunk Kit

• Blanket, gloves, hat
• Ice scraper and small shovel
• Sand or kitty litter for traction
• Jumper cables or portable jump pack
• Flashlight, phone charger
• Snack bars and water

After a Winter Claim

One winter fender-bender rarely spikes your rate more than 15–20%, but stacking claims does. If damage is under your deductible plus a few hundred dollars, paying out of pocket usually beats filing.